Rubbing-in method

This method is used for easy fruit cakes and small buns such as rock buns. In this method, the fat is lightly worked into the flour between cold fingers, in the same way as for making pastry. The fat should ideally be cold.

1. Rub the fat into the flour with your fingertips until the mixture resembles fine crumbs. This can be done by hand or using a food processor. Keep it cool and trap air in the mixture by lifting it up as you rub in the fat. Shake the bowl to allow the larger lumps of fat to rise to the surface, then rub in the larger lumps. Repeat the rubbing-in process until an even crumb is achieved.

   

2. Stir in enough liquid to give a soft mixture that will drop easily from a spoon.