All the ingredients must be weighed out before making the dough, whether you are making it by hand or using a machine. A good sturdy mixer with a dough hook attachment is the preferable choice. During mixing, the dough is first formed and then developed. This second stage is essential to the process as during it the gluten is stretched and absorbs the moisture in the dough, giving a good voluminous bread. However it does take substantial time and physical effort if you are not using a machine.