Flour

Plain white flour is made by grinding cereal grains, most commonly wheat. It is refined so the husks are removed.

Self raising flour has baking powder added so you don’t have to. Providing you do not store your flour for years the baking powder will remain active.

Brown flour is made from grinding cereal grains (usually wheat) with part of the husk left on so you get the goodness of whole grain. It can be used pretty much wherever white flour is used, but the texture will be heavier.