Carnelian, like carmine, a black grape cross developed from Carignan, Cabernet Sauvigon, and Garnacha in and specifically for California by Dr H. P. Olmo of davis. It was supposed to be a hot-climate Cabernet but too many of the Grenache characteristics predominate to make it easy to pick. Its California influence is limited, and restricted to the san joaquin valley, where total plantings fell to 782 acres/316 acres by 2011. It is also grown in Texas, Hawaii, and with surprising success in Western Australia where it was originally thought to be Sangiovese.