Plastic is recommended. Other non-reactive materials such as ceramic or glass are suitable for your home kitchen. In a bakeshop these materials can break, creating a physical contamination hazard. Even one small chip from a ceramic bowl is a painful discovery later when your hands are developing the dough.
The amount of Levain should fill the plastic container at least one-fourth of its total volume, never more than half. For this formula, a one-quart plastic deli container is a good choice for the Levain while it ferments. Coat the inside of the plastic container with pan spray—the Levain will be easier to remove.