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By Culinary Institute of America
Published 2015
| Seasonality | Flavor and Aroma | Taste | Texture | Temperature | Presentation |
| Fall | Chocolate | Sweet | Crunchy | Frozen | Shape |
| Spring | Vanilla | Salty | Crisp | Chilled | Volume |
| Summer | Fruit | Bitter | Brittle | Cool | Color |
| Winter | Spice | Acidic | Chewy | Room temperature | Visual |
| Nut | Umami | Creamy | Warm | ||
| Liquid | Hot | ||||
| Icy | |||||
| Tender | |||||
| Cakey |
© 2015 All rights reserved. Published by Wiley.
