Health, Effects of Wine Consumption on: Musculo-skeletal problems

Excessively heavy drinkers are prone to fracture their bones such as the hips and vertebrae; a consequence of the effects of too much alcohol on their bone density and structure in addition to an increased rate of falls. Alcohol has been shown to have directly damaging effects on cellular bone formation as well as indirectly affecting the pancreas and cytokine and endocrine systems which also influence cellular bone formation. However, studies show an association between moderate alcohol, and in particular wine, consumption and improvement in bone density. Men and post-menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis may find one or two glasses of wine a day beneficial rather than harmful.