Peynaud, Émile (1912–2004), Bordeaux oenologist whose work had a profound and worldwide impact on winemaking and wine appreciation in the second half of the 20th century. After the Second World War, Peynaud worked with Jean ribéreau-gayon before joining him at bordeaux University’s Institut d’Oenologie, while employed by the house of Calvet. It was here, in the late 1940s, that he began to advise numerous bordeaux châteaux on their winemaking. Because this consultancy work was the activity for which he later became best known, it is perhaps easy to forget his achievements as a taster, scientist, and teacher.