Uzbekistan: Modern viticulture

Uzbekistan is in the very heart of central Asia, on the same latitude as Italy. The country’s relief varies considerably, with the Tian-Shan and the Pamir and Alai spines in the east, and mountains accounting for about 30% of the total area of the country. The climate of Uzbekistan is very continental. The average January temperature is 3 to −3 °C/37–22 °F and that of July is 26 to 32 °C/79–89 °F. Late spring and early autumn frosts are commonplace. The active temperature summation (see climate classification) is 4,000 to 4,500 °C. The annual rainfall is 100 mm (4 in) in the lowlands to 1,000 mm in the mountains.