Trim root ends of chicory and wash well in cold water. Drain. Heat 4 tablespoons butter in a shallow fireproof casserole; add raw chicory, and season to taste with salt and freshly ground black pepper. Cover chicory with buttered paper. Cover casserole and simmer over a very low heat or in a slow oven (350°-M3) for 40 minutes, or until tender.
Turn chicory over from time to time, and 20 minutes after putting chicory in the oven, sprinkle with the juice of ½ lemon or orange.