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Andrew F. Smith

Agricultural Extension

Appears in
Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America
Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America

By Andrew F. Smith

Published 2004

  • About
Agricultural extension links farmers and the general public with science developed in the land-grant university system and on agricultural experiment stations. The Smith-Lever Act of 1914 formally established the Cooperative Extension System. The word “cooperative” refers to the shared funding mechanism, which requires participation on federal, state, and local levels.

The practice of extending knowledge off-campus began in farmers’ institutes that transferred research from agricultural colleges to farms from 1850 forward. Later, agricultural trains traveled through rural areas to connect farmers to facts through lectures and exhibits. “Movable schools” such as George Washington Carver’s 1899 mule-driven wagon plan delivered demonstrations of tools and methods from the Tuskegee Institute to African American farmers.

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