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Native American Foods: Before and after Contact: Changing Cuisines

Appears in
Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America

By Andrew F. Smith

Published 2004

  • About
The first Europeans arriving on American shores were impressed by the large numbers of foods they had never before seen or eaten. Similarly, indigenous Americans were introduced to European foods that were equally foreign to them. The resulting interchange began what has been called the Columbian Exchange, a global redistribution of foodstuffs. The lists are long. The most important European contributions were wheat and other European grains, domesticated root vegetables, leafy kitchen garden plants, orchard fruits, and domesticated animals. Traffic in seeds, root stock, and animals distributed these foods throughout Native American settlements; sometimes they were simply left behind when an army departed.

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