Rootstock: Some internationally important rootstocks

AXR1, otherwise called ARG1 in France, Australia, and New Zealand, is a V. vinifera × V.rupestris hybrid made by Ganzin in 1879. The rootstock was initially popular in France but at the turn of the century it was found there and in South Africa to have insufficient phylloxera resistance. It is popular with growers because the vines are vigorous and yield well, and is favoured by nurserymen because it is easy to graft. It was found satisfactory in California until the 1980s, when it succumbed to a supposed new biotype of phylloxera.