In the 1880s the kitchen was the domain of Avis and her team: the kitchen maids Mary Ann Bulmer and Sylvia Wise, and the scullery maid, Annie Chase. Other servants would only have been allowed to enter the kitchen with the cook’s permission, and house servants, in particular, rarely ventured over the threshold.
The kitchen has a high ceiling to allow heat to escape, and large windows to provide lots of light. The floor is stone-flagged. Along the wall opposite the windows are cooking ranges set in arches: at the centre is the coal-fuelled roasting range. To its right is the main range, a large cast-iron range probably put in in 1882, after the fire. It has three ovens, a charcoal-fuelled stove for boiling vegetables, making sauces and grilling (broiling) meat and fish, and hobs, including a hotplate (used to keep dishes warm). To the left of the roasting range is a pastry oven, used for baking pies, pastries and bread; finally, to its left is another, smaller range, earlier in date than the main one.