The changes to a dough or batter as it bakes are basically the same in all baked products, from breads to cookies and cakes. You should know what these changes are so you can learn how to control them.
The stages in the baking process are as follows. Be aware that many of these steps happen at the same time, not one after the other. For example, escape of water vapor and other gases begins almost at once, but it is more rapid later in the baking process.