Sugar beet (see below) yields a white sugar which is (to scientists although not to marmalade-makers) indistinguishable from white cane sugar. However, the partly refined products which occur during the refining process have a foul smell, as anyone who has been downwind of a beet sugar refinery will know, and a correspondingly bad taste. Consequently there is no brown beet sugar or beet molasses. The waste products are used for animal feed.
In the USA corn syrup is an important sweetener. This is made by breaking down the long molecules of maize starch into individual sugar molecules.