4. Hans Wiswe, Kulturgeschichte der Kochkunst (MĂĽnchen: Heinz Moos Verlag, 1970), 211-12.
5. Thomas Cooper, ed., The Domestic Encyclopedia, 3 (Philadelphia: Abraham Small, 1821), 477.
6. John Y. Kohl, “Christmas Cookies—A Controversy. Proceedings of the Lehigh County Historical Society” 22 (1959): 79-164.
7.The Family Receipt Book (Pittsburgh: Randolph Barnes, 1819), 164.
8. One of the best European studies is Albert Walzer’s Liebeskutsche, Reitersmann, Nikolaus und Kinderbringer (Konstanz/Stuttgart: Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1963).
13. Helen R. Martin, Tillie, A Mennonite Maid (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1904).
14. Maria Sophia Schellhammer, Das branden-burgische Koch-Buch (Berlin/Potsdam: Johann Andreas RĂĽdiger, 1732), 353.
15. It was printed at Einsiedeln, Switzerland, by the firm of Benziger & Company, which began issuing these pictures in 1801.
16. Phillip V. Snyder, The Christmas Tree (New York: Viking, 1976), 26-27.
17. Discussed thoroughly by Christa Pieske in her Das ABC des Luxuspapiers (Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1983), 189-192.
18. J. J. Schilstra, Prenten in Hout (Lochem: De Tijdstroom by, 1985), 164-83.
19. One of the earliest appearances of the word cookie in print may be found in the New York Daily Advertiser for 20 March 1786.
20. J. H. Spitzbub of Philadelphia, for example, advertised a large variety of imported German Christmas goods, including NĂĽrnberg toys, gingerbreads, and wooden horses in the United States Gazette, 9 November 1807.
21. There is a large collection of these molds in the collection of the Deutsches Brotmuseum in Ulm, West Germany.
22.Allen’s Supply Buyers News (Chicago: J. W. Allen & Co., 1926), 3.