Making Food Crispy

One way to give old bread a new lease on life is to transform it into croutons by toasting. Croutons are a great illustration of the effect of heat on the texture of food. By starting out with stale sourdough bread that’s been left sitting out for a day or two, you’re already beginning with a lower water content. Cut the bread into bite-size cubes and toss the pieces with a bit of salt and any spices you might like, along with a generous splash of olive oil. Spread them out on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and toast them in the oven at 350°F [177°C] for 8 to 10 minutes, until they turn crispy and golden brown.