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Starches

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By Paula Figoni

Published 2003

  • About
Like gums, starch molecules are polysaccharides. This means that they are large, complex carbohydrate molecules made of many sugar units bonded one to the next. In the case of starch, the sugar units are glucose molecules.

Not all starch molecules are alike, however. Glucose units in starch can be arranged in one of two ways: either as long, straight chains or as short but highly branched ones. Straight-chain starch molecules are called amylose, while the much larger, branched starch molecules are called amylopectin (Figure 12.4). Although amylose is a straight chain, the chain typically twists into a helical shape, while amylopectin, with its many branches, looks like a flat coral fan. Whether amylose, amylopectin, or a mix of both, starch molecules are tightly packed in an orderly fashion inside starch granules.

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